ADHD and Medication
Medications can help people with ADHD focus, control impulsive behavior and hyperactivity, and finish tasks. They can also decrease depression and anxiety.
The most frequently prescribed medicines to children and teens with ADHD are stimulants. They include amphetamines (such as Adderall and Dexedrine) and the methylphenidates (such as Focalin and Ritalin). There's a risk of addiction, which is why doctors monitor children for any signs of trouble.
Stimulants
The most commonly prescribed medication by doctors for ADHD is stimulants. They are believed to work by increasing activity in parts of the brain that regulate the behavior and attention. content is the most commonly prescribed medicine for ADHD, is also available as amphetamines and the newest medication called quebrachine (brand name: Quelbree). These medications are usually prescribed in long-acting formulations or with extended release, so that they build up slowly and release more slowly. This will minimize the risk of the risk of a sudden “rebound” effect as the drug wears off.
Researchers believe that stimulants help those suffering from ADHD by raising levels of a neurotransmitter known as dopamine in the brain. Dopamine is known to enhance concentration and focus, as well as reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity. These drugs can also boost the activity neurons that send signals to the nucleus Acumbens which is involved with motivation pleasure, reward, and motivation.
Research suggests that those with ADHD have lower levels of dopamine than normal in the frontal cortex, an area of the brain responsible for the "executive" functions such as organizing and planning. This can lead to issues with time management, performing tasks and suppressing emotions. Research also suggests that stimulant drugs may help improve frontal cortex function in people with ADHD by blocking the reuptake of dopamine as well as norepinephrine.
Some people suffering from ADHD do not respond well to stimulant medications or are not tolerant of them. This could be due to the risk of abuse or addiction or inability to tolerate certain side effects, such as jitteriness and insomnia. In these instances, alternative medication options may be considered, including atypical antidepressants such as Wellbutrin and tricyclic antidepressants. They are usually prescribed "off-label" for ADHD because they are thought to improve attention in certain patients and have a low chance of addiction or misuse.
Psychoeducation is a method used in some cases to help children, teens and adults recognize their condition and manage symptoms. Therapists may also utilize behavioral therapy, which is helping people to change their behavior and habits.
There's much debate as to whether ADHD exists, and if so and what its causes are. Some advocates for stricter diagnostic criteria, and an end to prescribing stimulants to any person who doesn't meet these criteria. Others advocate non-stimulant therapy which is equally effective and has fewer adverse effects. There is a growing trend to encourage more behavioral modification, which is more effective than medications in the long run. This can involve a variety of psychological strategies, including cognitive behavior therapy and problem solving skills training. It could also include parenting skills that can aid in reducing distraction and impulsiveness within the home environment. Other methods of behavior modification, such as family therapy and reward-based training, can be helpful too.